DOWNLOAD THE FULL REPORT

AUTHOR(S): Simone Haysom, Michael McLaggan, Julius Kaka, Lucy Modi, Ken Opala | Posted on 13 April 2021

This report investigates the charcoal trade as a ‘grey’ market in which poor, ineffective or inappropriate regulation gives rise to forms of market organization that displays organized crime qualities in some locations, such as cartels, high-level corruption and violence.