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AUTHOR(S): Emadeddin Badi | Posted on 01 December 2025

« The war in Sudan has not only reshaped its own frontlines but also transformed the wider security economies of its neighbours. The proliferation of arms and the growing reliance on mercenaries are reshaping the security architecture of the Sahel and Sahara region… »

This report focuses on northern Chad and southern Libya because their internal dynamics – post-ceasefire realignement in Libya and post-Doha fragmentation in Chad – have made them especially susceptible to pressures. It traces how regional arms markets and mercenary networks have evolved in tandem, highlighting key actors, shifting routes and the ways Sudan-linked inflows have altered the circuation of weapons and labour.